How to Start a Solar Farm Business: 13 Key Steps for Massive Impact

How to start a solar farm business is a question more people are asking, and for good reason. The global solar farm market was worth $61 billion in 2022. By 2032, it’s expected to grow to nearly $300 billion. That’s a massive jump in just ten years.

The market is set to grow at a fast 17.3% annually from 2023 to 2032. This boom is opening big doors for new business owners. Solar farms are gaining attention because they offer steady income and need little upkeep. If you plan it well, the return on investment can be high.

So, how do you get started?

This guide will teach you everything step by step. From picking the right land to getting licenses, buying the right gear, and setting it up, we’ve got you covered.

Read on to see how to build a solar farm business that works.

 

What Is a Solar Farm?

A solar farm is a large area full of solar panels. The panels absorb sunlight and turn it into electricity, which is then distributed to homes, schools, shops—everywhere.

People also call it a solar park. It usually sits on empty land. The panels are fixed to the ground and face the sun. Some farms are small, and others cover many acres. The goal is simple: Use the sun to make clean power. It’s better for the air, helps the planet, and works.

Not long ago, solar farms were rare. In 2006, fewer than 10 were built in a year. But things changed fast. By 2017, over 300 were popping up every year. From 2021 to 2024, even more were built, especially in the U.S.

A lot of people now wonder how to start a solar farm. And that makes sense. It’s a smart move. You help the Earth. You build something that lasts. If you’re considering starting a solar farm, this might be your time.

 

Types of Solar Farms

The two main types of solar farms are:

1. Utility-Scale Solar Farm

These are big solar farms. Some can reach 1 Gigawatt in size, which means they can cover huge areas with thousands of solar panels. They make a lot of power, which is then used by utility companies or significant places like factories, cities, and schools.

Why are they a big deal?

Because they make lots of clean power for less money, utility-scale farms in the U.S. can power about 22 million homes. Their total energy power is around 100 Gigawatts.

If you plan on starting a large solar farm, this type gives the most return. It’s also a big step toward more green energy in the country.

2. Community Solar Farm

A company builds a solar farm for a whole neighborhood. People can join and get power from it, even if they don’t own a home. 

• You don’t need to install anything. 
• No big bills. 
• No setup stress. 
• Just clean power and lower electricity costs.

The best part? It’s for renters, apartment owners, and anyone wanting to help the planet. So if you’re starting a solar farm to serve your local area, this model is innovative and helpful.

 

Key Things to Know Before You Start a Solar Farm

Starting a solar farm is a big decision. It takes time, money, and planning. You can’t just buy some panels and place them anywhere. The important factors you should know about starting a solar farm are:

1. Land

To start a solar farm, you’ll need a large open space with lots of sunlight. The land should be flat and transparent, with no buildings on it. South-facing land works best. It also helps if the land is near power lines and easily accessible by road. Most small farms start with at least 1 megawatt of power, which is enough to power about 200 homes.

2. Upfront Costs

Starting a solar farm business isn’t cheap. You must pay for the land, panels, wires, and equipment. You might also need an office and staff. Marketing and payroll are part of the cost, too. A 1-megawatt system can cost around $1 million to set up. That’s a significant number, so plan your budget well.

3. Permits and Legal Steps

You can’t connect your farm to the grid without the power company’s permission. That permit alone can cost up to $30,000. You’ll also need a business license, insurance, and legal help to start a solar farm business. Check all local laws before setting up a solar farm.

4. Ongoing Expenses

Owning a solar farm means you’ll have monthly bills, too. These include loans, taxes, staff salaries, and insurance. If you do more than just lease land, your costs might rise. You may need to pay for travel, worker training, or extra insurance as your farm grows.

5. How to Fund It

If you don’t have enough money upfront, you can lease your land to a power company. They’ll cover the cost of setting it up and running it, a smart way to lower risk. But keep in mind, with this model, your profits will be smaller.

6. Your Customers

Before starting a solar farm, know who you’ll sell to. Utility companies are the top buyers. But they’re not the only ones. Banks, factories, builders, and city offices may also buy solar power. Do your homework before you launch.

7. Growth Plans

Once you start making money, you can expand. Buy more land or upgrade your system. You can also take training to offer better services and charge more.

Setting up a solar farm is just the beginning. The real work starts after.

8. Safety and Site Planning

Plan your site to avoid water problems and toxic waste issues. Make sure workers stay safe during construction. Good planning keeps your business running for a long time.

 

How to Start a Solar Farm Business: Step-by-Step Guide

How to start a solar farm business might sound like a big task, but it’s possible and profitable with the right steps. While it’s still a growing idea, more people explore it yearly. In fact, as of 2023, over 27,000 solar farm developers are active in the U.S., a 2% increase from 2022.

Here’s a simple guide to help you start a solar farm from scratch:

1. Check If It’s a Good Idea

Before anything else, ask yourself—does your area need solar power? Check if your region gets enough sunlight. Look into government programs or tax breaks. Also, see if your local power grid can handle extra electricity.

2. Know Your Buyers

Who will buy the energy? Most people sell power to utility companies. But you can also work with large factories, real estate projects, or government buildings. Good market research will help you plan better.

3. Follow the Rules

To start a solar farm, you need to follow local laws. You’ll need permits for land, building, and grid connection. Check zoning rules and environmental guidelines. Skipping this step can slow down your project.

4. Write a Business Plan

Once you’re clear on the basics, plan your business. List all the costs, including land, panels, permits, taxes, staff, and more. Plan how you’ll make money and when you’ll earn it back. This will help you stay on track.

5. Choose the Right Land

To start a solar farm business, you should choose a perfect place with lots of sunlight and space. You’ll need about 5 to 7 acres for each megawatt. Try to find land near power lines for easy connection. Survey the site before buying or leasing.

6. Find Funding

Starting a solar farm business takes a lot of money. A small project can cost about $1 million. Look into tax credits or grants. You can also ask investors or banks for support. Every bit helps.

7. Get Permits and Register

To set up a solar farm, you must register your business and get all the right permits. This includes land-use approval, environmental clearance, and grid connection agreements. Make sure everything is legal before you move forward.

8. Lease the Land (If Needed)

If you don’t own land, you’ll have to lease it. A long-term lease, usually 20 to 25 years, is best. This gives you enough time to earn back your investment.

9. Buy Your Equipment

Now, it’s time to get the tools you need. Buy solar panels, inverters, transformers, and mounts from trusted suppliers who have done this kind of work before.

10. Hire a Developer and Plan the Layout

You’ll need a solar developer to help with the design. They’ll map the layout to ensure your panels get the most sunlight. This step is key to producing more energy.

11. Prepare the Land

Before you build, clear and level the ground. Make sure the soil is strong enough to hold the panels. Add access roads and paths for workers and machines.

12. Build the Farm

Now comes the big part, installing the panels and equipment. Your contractor will handle everything from setup to wiring. Depending on the size, this could take a few months.

13. Test and Connect to the Grid

After the setup, test your system. Make sure everything works safely and smoothly. Then connect your farm to the power grid. That’s when your solar farm starts feeding power to your customers.

Starting a solar farm takes effort, but can pay off for years. With the right plan, owning a solar farm can be a smart, long-term move. If you’re ready to begin, follow these steps and take your first step in the solar industry.

 

Conclusions

So, our guide on how to start a solar farm business ends here.

Throughout this article, we’ve explained everything you need to consider before starting a solar farm business. 

Solar farms require huge investments, and thus, you can’t start them promptly. Before investing in a solar farm, you should do market research, do a cost-benefit analysis, and consider all its advantages and disadvantages.

The solar panel industry is growing. In Q1 2024, the manufacturing capacity of American solar panels increased by 71%. The industry reached the greater 200-gigawatt milestone. 

As the industry expands, there is a greater chance to invest in and profit from the solar farm business.